The new system will let to acquire trillions of addresses.
Several companies switched to Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) at 00:01 GMT on Wednesday.
The new system is necessary to prevent the internet running out of available addresses for new devices.
Experts said users should not notice any difference in their web use, and new devices should be using the new system as standard.
Companies such as Google, Facebook and major internet service providers have enabled the new system in order to encourage the widespread adoption of the standard.
IPv6 will eventually replace IPv4, which was conceived during the early days of the internet. It only allows just over four billion unique IP addresses — the sequences of numbers used to identify a device.
Each internet-enabled device — such as a computer, tablet or smartphone — needs its own IP address in order to connect to the internet.
However, due to the shortage of IP addresses, many devices — such as multiple computers in the one home — have to share addresses.
Networking giant Cisco predicts that by 2016, 18.9 billion internet-enabled devices will be online. Switching to IPv6 means trillions of possible addresses can now be made.
To ensure a smooth transition, and to make sure devices do not stop working, both systems will work side-by-side for the next few years.
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